This post is just a short one to explain some of the things I'll be talking about during this segment. I hope it'll be helpful for you...
Root- the first note of a chord, usually the one it is named by
Second- the space or line above the root
Third- the note above the second
Fourth- the note above the third
Fifth, sixth, and seventh- you are all smart people you get the idea
Unison- the same note as the root
Octave or eighth- the octave above the root
Spelling the chord- giving the note names of a chord
Interval- distance between the notes, each will have a number (see above) and a quality (see below)
Perfect interval- a type of interval, including the unison(same note), 4ths, 5ths, and octaves
Major intervals- all other intervals in a major scale, so 2nds, 3rds, 6ths, and 7ths
Diminished interval- a perfect interval lowered a half step
Augmented interval- a perfect interval raised a half step
Minor interval- a major interval lowered a half step
Augmented interval- a major interval raised a half step (yep the same thing)
Don't worry so much about knowing all the intervals, it kind of confusing I know. Here is some stuff to help.
Diagrams for the intervals, these are based of a C
M2- Major 2nd
M3- Major 3rd
P4- Perfect 4th, etc.
augU- augmented unison
dim4- diminished 4th
aug4- augmented 4th, etc.
min2- minor 2nd
aug2- augmented 2nd
min3- minor 3rd
aug3- augmented 3rd, etc.
I got these pictures from that book I've been reading, it is very helpful.
http://www.allabouttrumpet.com/BMT/
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